{"id":1030,"date":"2025-04-15T20:47:04","date_gmt":"2025-04-15T19:47:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/electriclifebook.com\/?page_id=1030"},"modified":"2025-09-14T22:12:31","modified_gmt":"2025-09-14T21:12:31","slug":"sources-of-the-biological-clock","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/electriclifebook.com\/?page_id=1030","title":{"rendered":"Sources of the biological clock"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n

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Carslaw, K. S., Harrison, R. G., & Kirkby, J. (2002). Cosmic rays, clouds, and climate – Science, 298(5599), 1732-1737. (This review discusses the potential influence of cosmic rays on cloud formation and climate, which could indirectly affect lightning activity. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cecil, D. J., Buechler, D. E., & Blakeslee, R. J. (2014). Gridded lightning climatology from TRMM-LIS and OTD: Dataset description – Atmospheric Research, 135-136, 404-414.(This paper provides a comprehensive lightning climatology using data from the TRMM Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) and the Optical Transient Detector (OTD), showing trends in global lightning activity over several years.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Finney, D. L., Doherty, R. M., Wild, O., Stevenson, D. S., MacKenzie, I. A., & Blyth, A. M. (2018). A projected decrease in lightning under climate change – Nature Climate Change, 8(3), 210-213. (Interestingly, this study projects a decrease in global lightning activity under certain climate change scenarios, due to changes in the distribution of convection. However, it also acknowledges that regional increases are possible, highlighting the complexity of lightning-climate interactions)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Gurevich, A. V., & Karashtin, A. N. (2013). Runaway breakdown and hydrometeors in lightning initiation – Physics Letters A, 379(13), 894-896. (This paper discusses the theory of runaway breakdown, where cosmic rays can initiate lightning by generating high-energy particles in thunderstorms)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Harrison, R.G., Aplin, K.L., 2010. Atmospheric electricity coupling between earthquake regions and the ionosphere. J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys. 2010, 376\u2013381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jastp.2009.12.004<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Harrison, R. G., & Usoskin, I. G. (2010). Solar modulation in surface atmospheric electricity – Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 72(3-4), 176-182. (This study examines the correlation between solar activity and surface atmospheric electricity, which can influence lightning activity. It suggests a connection between solar cycles and variations in lightning)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hunting, E. R., Harrison, R. G., Bruder, A., Van Bodegom, P. M., Van Der Geest, H. G., Kampfraath, A. A., Vorenhout, M., Admiraal, W., Cusell, C., & Gessner, M. O. (2019). Atmospheric electricity influencing biogeochemical processes in soils and sediments. Frontiers in Physiology<\/em>, 10<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2019.00378<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hunting, E. R., O\u2019Reilly, L. J., Harrison, R. G., Manser, K., England, S. J., Harris, B. H., & Robert, D. (2022). Observed electric charge of insect swarms and their contribution to atmospheric electricity. iScience<\/em>, 25<\/em>(11), 105241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105241<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Qin, F., Zhang, J., Cao, H., Yi, C., Li, J. X., Nie, J., Chen, L. L., Wang, J., & Tong, J. (2012). Effects of 1800-MHz radiofrequency fields on circadian rhythm of plasma melatonin and testosterone in male rats. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health<\/em>, 75<\/em>(18), 1120\u20131128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15287394.2012.699846<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Silver, A. C., Arjona, A., Walker, W. E., & Fikrig, E. (2012). The circadian clock controls toll-like receptor 9-Mediated innate and adaptive immunity. Immunity<\/em>, 36<\/em>(2), 251\u2013261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.12.017<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Simon T., Mayr, G.J., Morgenstern D. Umlauf N., Zeileis A. (2023). Amplification of annual and diurnal cycles of alpine lightning – Clim Dyn. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00382-023-06786-8<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Siingh, D., Singh, R. P., Singh, A. K., Gautam, A. S., & Singh, R. (2011). Is lightning activity related to cosmic rays, solar wind, and geomagnetic disturbances? – Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 116(A8). (This study explores the potential relationship between lightning activity and cosmic rays, solar wind, and geomagnetic disturbances)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Stelletta, C., De Nardo, P., Santin, F., Basso, G., Michielotto, B., Piccione, G., Morgante, M. (2007). Effects of exposure to extremely low frequency electro-magnetic fields on circadian rhythms and distribution of some leukocyte differentiation antigens in dairy cows. Biomed Environ Sci. 2007 Apr;20(2):164-70. PMID: 17624193. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17624193\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stolzenburg, M., Marshall, T. C., Rust, W. D., & Bruning, E. C. (2007). Electric field values observed near lightning flash initiations – Geophysical Research Letters, 34(4). (The authors explore the electric fields in thunderstorms and suggest that cosmic rays may play a role in initiating lightning, particularly under certain atmospheric conditions. The paper supports the idea that cosmic rays could influence lightning)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su J., Chen H. (September 2023). Study on the mechanism of atmospheric electric field anomalies before earthquakes. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ringps.2023.100060<\/a> – (Based on the analysis of seismic electrical characteristics, a possible earthquake early warning method under simplified conditions is proposed in this paper. Monitoring the change of geoelectric potential through geoelectric field measurements combined with other signal anomalies, may realize early earthquake warning)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sultzman, F.M., Murrish, D.E. (1986): Effects of electromagnetic fields on primates circadian rhythms New York State Power Lines Project – Sulzman, Frank M., and David E. Murrish. Effects of electromagnetic fields on primate circadian rhythms. New York State Power Lines Project, 1986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tao, C., Xiaoxin, Z., et al., 2021. Imminent estimation of earthquake hazard by regional network monitoring the near surface vertical atmospheric electrostatic field. Chin. J. Geophys. 64 (4). Apr. 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tinsley, B. A., & Zhou, L. (2006). Initial results of a global circuit model with variable stratospheric and tropospheric aerosols – Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 111(D16). (This paper presents a model of the global circuit considering aerosols’ influence on atmospheric conductivity, particularly through ionospheric processes)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Wever, R. (1973). Human circadian rhythms under the influence of weak electric fields and the different aspects of these studies. Int J Biometeorol<\/em> 17<\/strong>, 227\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01804614<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Wilson, B.W., Chess, E.K., Anderson, L.E. (1986): 60-Hz electric field effects on pineal melatonin rhythms. Time course of onset and recovery. Bioelectromagnetics 7: 239\u2013242 – https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bem.2250070213<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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